Almost 18.5 kilometers of sewage tunnel was driven by two Herrenknecht AVN machines in Kuwait for the "Shuwaikh Sewer Project" through sand, loam and limestone. Five of the launch and target shafts for the Utility Tunnelling machines were sunk by a Herrenknecht VSM (Vertical Shaft Sinking Machine). The groundwater was the main challenge for personnel and machine while sinking the shafts with diameters of up to 8.8 meters and depths of between 15 and 27 meters. Directly next to the Persian Gulf, the groundwater level is only three meters deep.